Aminoglycosides
| Overview |
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- Aminoglycosides are a class of structurally-related Bacterial Ribosome Inhibitors. Their diffusion across the peptidoglycan cell wall of bacteria is significantly enhanced when a Penicillin-class antibiotic is also administered. Consequently, the antibacterial potency of beta-lactams and aminoglycosides are synergistic.
| Mechanism of Action |
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- Aminoglycosides bind the 30S subunit of the bacterial ribosome.
| Adverse Effects |
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- Overview: The adverse effects of aminoglycosides are fairly predictable and only occur at high doses. Consequently, blood levels in patients are generally closely monitored to ensure safe concentrations
- Ototoxicity: Can affect both the vestibula and cochlea resulting in hearing loss and vertigo
- Nephrotoxicity: Can result in acute tubular necrosis
- Paralysis: Occurs due to decreased activity at the neuromuscular junction
| Member Drugs |
|---|
- Amikacin
- Gentamicin
- Neomycin
- Streptomycin
- Tobramycin